Wood  
 - Wood is a highly ordered connection and arrangement of living, dying and dead 
 cells that have walls of cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin.  Wood is an 
 organ.  Wood is secondary xylem where some cell walls become thickened and 
 heavily lignified.  Once the lignification takes place of the xylem, then the 
 material is correctly called wood.  Thus, the cambium zone produces xylem and 
 not wood.  Wood is like a battery.  Wood itself is a form of stored energy for 
 other organisms because cellulose is made up of long twisting chains of glucose 
 - sugar.  Soils and wood share a common problem:  They are thought of as dead 
 substances.  This has come about because wood-products research gained an early 
 lead over research on wood in living trees. With soils, many texts still define 
 soils as loose material of weathered rock and other minerals, and also partly 
 decayed organic matter that covers large parts of the land surface on Earth."  
 Wood was a living material before it became a violin.  Think for a moment of 
 all the words we have to describe wood: sap, heart, wet, early, late, 
 discolored, black, green, red, rose, soft, hard, spring, summer, dotty, fat, 
 lighter, tension, compression, pulp, burl, root, trunk, branch, petrified, 
 blue-stained, false heart, wound, round, violin, instrument, ring-porous, 
 diffuse-porous, juvenile, sandal, ripe, tallow, brashy, composite, and the list 
 probably goes on.  For starters, symplastless wood, as in coarse woody 
 debris, with soil contact, can be a water, nutrient and essential element 
 reservoir for flora and fauna.  Important during dryer times.  It provides 
 habitat, substrate for the base of the food web and buffers soils.  It reduces 
 soil erosion and protects certain fauna and flora from abiotic forces and 
 biotic agents.  Wood plays a unique key role is the health and function of a 
 constantly changing system both in fields and forest.  Remember these systems, 
 forest and fields, are like a spiders web.  Its hard to touch any one part of 
 the system without effecting the whole web.  
    In other words.  Wood is a tree organ made of highly 
 ordered cell arrangements where the cell walls are made of cellulose, 
 hemicelluloses, and lignin.  The cell types are in all gradations from living 
 to dead, and the different cell types have different functions for liquid 
 transport, mechanical support and living substances and storage.  
    In other words.  Wood is an organ.  It’s made up of many 
 different types of cells.  But they are highly arranged.  The walls made of 
 cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignin.  Some have lots, some have less and some 
 have very little.  There in all gradations of living, dying and dead.  They all 
 have different functions.  But it is a highly ordered arrangement.  Dr. Shigo 
 published a dictionary back in 1986.  A dictionary of 
 many terms.  So if you are really interested in learning about trees he has 
 published at least 30 other books. Almost two million copies of the booklets 
 are now in use.  We hope they are in use.  They are in 16 different languages 
 which he has given copy writes too.  There are people out there, bless you, 
 there are thinkers out there, but we need more.  Think about all of this 
 please.  This is a plea, because somebody needs to help the trees.  We know we 
 have many brave people out there.  They make it possible for us to stay alive.  
 We thank you and we thank them.  Just keep thinking ok.  Keep thinking, 
 please.  
Link to Dr. Shigo’s Dictionary.
Other scientific materials by Dr. Shigo
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